Cownose Stingray | Rhinoptera bonasus

Cownose Stingray

Rhinoptera bonasus

Fun Facts About the Cownose Stingray

Cownose stingrays, like many rays, have a large barb that is used for defense.

The largest cownose stingray on record was 7-ft from wing tip to wing tip!

Cownose stingrays are preyed upon by large fish, like cobia, and sharks.

Cownose Ray Adaptations

Spiracles

Spiracles are the small holes located on the top of a cownose stingray's head that pump water through the stingray's gills and allow them to breathe even when they are not moving! These are often mistaken for their eyes or ears. Many species of sharks also have spiracles.

Barb

Cownose stingrays have a barb located near the base of their tail. It is used for defense, not for hunting, and is covered in a thin layer of skin-like material that contains venom. It has serrated edges, making it very challenging to get out once it has been stuck into something. The barb will break off when used and can take several months to regrow.

Mouth

The mouth of a cownose ray is located on the underside of its bodies near its gills. The mouth is made of hard "dental plates," which can easily crush animals like crabs and oysters. Stingrays will lose and regrow sections of their dental plates!

Cownose Rays Have a Social Life


Cownose rays are sometimes observed alone but are also seen in large groups! They will migrate throughout the Atlantic ocean, sometimes in groups with thousands of other rays. Their social groups do not have a pecking order and rays are allowed to move between groups. A group of stingrays is called a fever!

What Animals Are Closely Related to Cownose Stingrays?

Cownose rays are a type of eagle ray, making them closely related to manta rays and bat rays. All stingrays are also closely related to sharks and share many common characteristics with them! Sharks and rays both have a skeleton made of cartilage and their skin is made of "dermal-denticles," which are teeth-like scales!

Do Cownose Stingrays Lay Eggs?

Cownose stingrays do not lay eggs. Instead, they have live babies that look like tiny versions of the adults! Cownose rays are considered ovoviviparous, meaning the babies develop inside an egg casing and hatch within the female. Because the egg hatches inside of the female, a live baby is delivered at the end of their 11-month long gestation. Cownose rays usually have a single offspring at a time and have one baby per year.

Are Cownose Stingrays Endangered?

IUCN Rating: Near Threatened

Humans are the biggest threat to cownose rays, especially fishermen. Fishermen frequently set up traps and nets to catch lobster, crabs, and fish that can accidentally catch stingrays. Cownose rays have no way to escape the traps, which often leads to their death.


You can help protect cownose rays by purchasing sustainably harvested seafood, like seafood certified by the Seafood Watch program. We can reduce our plastic use which can enter stingray habitat and degrade their habitat!

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